亿迅智能制造网
工业4.0先进制造技术信息网站!
首页 | 制造技术 | 制造设备 | 工业物联网 | 工业材料 | 设备保养维修 | 工业编程 |
home  MfgRobots >> 亿迅智能制造网 >  >> Industrial programming >> java

Java - 发送电子邮件

使用您的 Java 应用程序发送电子邮件非常简单,但首先您应该有 JavaMail APIJava 激活框架 (JAF) 安装在你的机器上。

下载并解压缩这些文件,在新创建的顶级目录中,您会发现两个应用程序的许多 jar 文件。您需要添加 mail.jaractivation.jar CLASSPATH 中的文件。

发送一封简单的电子邮件

这是一个从您的机器发送简单电子邮件的示例。假设您的 localhost 已连接到 Internet,并且能够发送电子邮件。

示例

// File Name SendEmail.java

import java.util.*;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;

public class SendEmail {

   public static void main(String [] args) {    
      // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
      String to = "[email protected]";

      // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
      String from = "[email protected]";

      // Assuming you are sending email from localhost
      String host = "localhost";

      // Get system properties
      Properties properties = System.getProperties();

      // Setup mail server
      properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);

      // Get the default Session object.
      Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);

      try {
         // Create a default MimeMessage object.
         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

         // Set From: header field of the header.
         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

         // Set To: header field of the header.
         message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));

         // Set Subject: header field
         message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");

         // Now set the actual message
         message.setText("This is actual message");

         // Send message
         Transport.send(message);
         System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
      } catch (MessagingException mex) {
         mex.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

编译并运行这个程序来发送一封简单的电子邮件 -

输出

$ java SendEmail
Sent message successfully....

如果您想向多个收件人发送电子邮件,则可以使用以下方法指定多个电子邮件 ID -

void addRecipients(Message.RecipientType type, Address[] addresses)
   throws MessagingException

这是参数的说明 -

发送 HTML 电子邮件

这是从您的机器发送 HTML 电子邮件的示例。这里假设您的 localhost 已连接到 Internet,并且能够发送电子邮件。

这个例子和上一个非常相似,只是这里我们使用 setContent() 方法来设置内容,第二个参数是 "text/html" 来指定 HTML 内容包含在消息中。

使用此示例,您可以发送任意大小的 HTML 内容。

示例

// File Name SendHTMLEmail.java

import java.util.*;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;

public class SendHTMLEmail {

   public static void main(String [] args) {
      // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
      String to = "[email protected]";

      // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
      String from = "[email protected]";

      // Assuming you are sending email from localhost
      String host = "localhost";

      // Get system properties
      Properties properties = System.getProperties();

      // Setup mail server
      properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);

      // Get the default Session object.
      Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);

      try {
         // Create a default MimeMessage object.
         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

         // Set From: header field of the header.
         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

         // Set To: header field of the header.
         message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(to));

         // Set Subject: header field
         message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");

         // Send the actual HTML message, as big as you like
         message.setContent("<h1>This is actual message</h1>", "text/html");

         // Send message
         Transport.send(message);
         System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
      } catch (MessagingException mex) {
         mex.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

编译并运行该程序以发送 HTML 电子邮件 -

输出

$ java SendHTMLEmail
Sent message successfully....

在电子邮件中发送附件

这是从您的机器发送带有附件的电子邮件的示例。这里假设您的 localhost 已连接到 Internet,并且能够发送电子邮件。

示例

// File Name SendFileEmail.java

import java.util.*;
import javax.mail.*;
import javax.mail.internet.*;
import javax.activation.*;

public class SendFileEmail {

   public static void main(String [] args) {     
      // Recipient's email ID needs to be mentioned.
      String to = "[email protected]";

      // Sender's email ID needs to be mentioned
      String from = "[email protected]";

      // Assuming you are sending email from localhost
      String host = "localhost";

      // Get system properties
      Properties properties = System.getProperties();

      // Setup mail server
      properties.setProperty("mail.smtp.host", host);

      // Get the default Session object.
      Session session = Session.getDefaultInstance(properties);

      try {
         // Create a default MimeMessage object.
         MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);

         // Set From: header field of the header.
         message.setFrom(new InternetAddress(from));

         // Set To: header field of the header.
         message.addRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO,new InternetAddress(to));

         // Set Subject: header field
         message.setSubject("This is the Subject Line!");

         // Create the message part 
         BodyPart messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();

         // Fill the message
         messageBodyPart.setText("This is message body");
         
         // Create a multipar message
         Multipart multipart = new MimeMultipart();

         // Set text message part
         multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

         // Part two is attachment
         messageBodyPart = new MimeBodyPart();
         String filename = "file.txt";
         DataSource source = new FileDataSource(filename);
         messageBodyPart.setDataHandler(new DataHandler(source));
         messageBodyPart.setFileName(filename);
         multipart.addBodyPart(messageBodyPart);

         // Send the complete message parts
         message.setContent(multipart );

         // Send message
         Transport.send(message);
         System.out.println("Sent message successfully....");
      } catch (MessagingException mex) {
         mex.printStackTrace();
      }
   }
}

编译并运行该程序以发送 HTML 电子邮件 -

输出

$ java SendFileEmail
Sent message successfully....

用户认证部分

如果需要向电子邮件服务器提供用户 ID 和密码以进行身份​​验证,则可以将这些属性设置如下 -

props.setProperty("mail.user", "myuser");
props.setProperty("mail.password", "mypwd");

其余的电子邮件发送机制将保持如上所述。


java

  1. Java 运算符
  2. Java 评论
  3. Java for-each 循环
  4. Java 字符串
  5. Java 接口
  6. Java 匿名类
  7. Java try-with-resources
  8. Java 注释
  9. Java 断言
  10. Java 向量
  11. Java - 发送电子邮件
  12. Java 9 - 私有接口方法