DIY 视觉暂留 (POV) 球体：Arduino Mega 驱动的 LED 光绘艺术

组件与材料

所需工具

• 3D 打印机
• 电烙铁

项目简介

大家好，今天分享一个视觉暂留 (POV) 球体项目。

POV 原理：交流电灯以 50/60Hz 频率闪烁，人眼视觉暂留效应使其看似持续发光。利用这一原理，单排高速旋转的 LED 可在空间中“绘制”出球面图像。本项目每半圈 58 颗 LED，共 116 颗，配合 3D 打印圆环与电机旋转，形成球形显示面。详细制作过程见视频。

代码

使用 FastLED 库驱动 WS2812B，通过中断检测霍尔传感器同步每转位置，按预存图案数组 kalp[40][75] 逐列点亮 LED，形成心形等图案。

#include "FastLED.h"
#define NUM_LEDS 58
#define DATA_PIN 6
unsigned char i, m;
unsigned int wait = 1;
unsigned int wait2 = 10;
byte hall = 0;
CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS];

// 40行 x 75列 图案数组 (1=亮, 0=灭)
bool kalp[40][75] = {
  {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
  {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0},
  // ... 此处省略中间 36 行，完整数组请见源码 ...
  {0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0}
};

void setup() {
  FastLED.addLeds<WS2812B, DATA_PIN, RGB>(leds, NUM_LEDS);
  attachInterrupt(1, LEDiyak, RISING); // 数字引脚 3 (中断 1) 接霍尔传感器
  for (int i = 0; i < 58; i++) leds[i] = CRGB::Black;
  FastLED.show();
}

void LEDiyak() {
  hall++;
  if (hall > 2) hall = 0;
}

void loop() {
  if (hall > 0) {
    for (m = 0; m < 75; m++) {
      for (i = 0; i < 40; i++) {
        if (kalp[i][m] == 1) leds[i + 7] = CRGB::Green;
        else leds[i + 7] = CRGB::Blue;
      }
      FastLED.show();
      delayMicroseconds(wait);
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < 58; i++) leds[i] = CRGB::Blue;
    FastLED.show();
    delayMicroseconds(wait2);
    for (int i = 0; i < 58; i++) leds[i] = CRGB::White;
    FastLED.show();
    delayMicroseconds(wait2);
  }
}

原理图