用 Arduino UNO 自制迷你钢琴 — 图文教程

元件与材料

所需工具

• 电烙铁

项目步骤

步骤 1：准备材料

• Arduino 开发板
• 压电蜂鸣器
• 按键开关 7 个
• 跳线若干

步骤 2：电路连接

• 7 个按键分别接 Arduino D4 ~ D10
• 蜂鸣器接 D11

步骤 3：上传代码

需安装 Tone 库 (GitHub 下载)，不会安装第三方库请参考 Arduino 官网指南。下载附件 Arduino_Piano.rar，解压后用 Arduino IDE 打开 Arduino_Piano.ino 并上传。

步骤 4：开始演奏

按下按键即可发出对应音符。音准可在代码中修改音符频率值调整。代码内置多种音阶，取消注释即可切换，也可自定义音阶。欢迎分享你的成品照片/视频！

原理说明

代码利用 tone() 函数在蜂鸣器上产生方波，按键按下时持续发声，松开停止。内置 LED (引脚 13) 作为指示灯同步闪烁。

完整代码

// Arduino Piano
/* Visit the Channel for more interesting projects https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCks-9JSnVb22dlqtMgPjrlg */
#define T_C 262
#define T_D 294
#define T_E 330
#define T_F 349
#define T_G 392
#define T_A 440
#define T_B 493

const int C = 10;
const int D = 9;
const int E = 8;
const int F = 7;
const int G = 6;
const int A = 5;
const int B = 4;
const int Buzz = 11;
const int LED = 13;

void setup() {
  pinMode(LED, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(C, INPUT); digitalWrite(C, HIGH);
  pinMode(D, INPUT); digitalWrite(D, HIGH);
  pinMode(E, INPUT); digitalWrite(E, HIGH);
  pinMode(F, INPUT); digitalWrite(F, HIGH);
  pinMode(G, INPUT); digitalWrite(G, HIGH);
  pinMode(A, INPUT); digitalWrite(A, HIGH);
  pinMode(B, INPUT); digitalWrite(B, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LED, LOW);
}

void loop() {
  while (digitalRead(C) == LOW) { tone(Buzz, T_C); digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); }
  while (digitalRead(D) == LOW) { tone(Buzz, T_D); digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); }
  while (digitalRead(E) == LOW) { tone(Buzz, T_E); digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); }
  while (digitalRead(F) == LOW) { tone(Buzz, T_F); digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); }
  while (digitalRead(G) == LOW) { tone(Buzz, T_G); digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); }
  while (digitalRead(A) == LOW) { tone(Buzz, T_A); digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); }
  while (digitalRead(B) == LOW) { tone(Buzz, T_B); digitalWrite(LED, HIGH); }
  noTone(Buzz);
  digitalWrite(LED, LOW);
}

项目仓库

https://github.com/Rahul24-06/Mini-Piano

原理图

视频中已详细讲解接线，请参考视频。